{"product_id":"artemisinin-cas-63968-64-9","title":"Artemisinin | CAS 63968-64-9 | ≥97%","description":"\u003cdiv style=\"margin-bottom: 28px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"background: #002147; padding: 10px 20px; margin-bottom: 0;\"\u003e  \u003ch3 style=\"margin: 0; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.70em; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.12em; text-transform: uppercase; color: #fff;\"\u003eTechnical Specifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 0.95em; border: 1px solid #e4e8f0; border-top: none; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eCAS Number\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0;\"\u003e63968-64-9\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eEC \/ EINECS Number\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0;\"\u003e700-290-5\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eMDL Number\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0;\"\u003eMFCD00081057\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eRTECS Number\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0;\"\u003eKD4170000\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eSMILES\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; word-break: break-all;\"\u003eC[C@@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H](C(=O)O[C@H]3[C@@]24[C@H]1CC[C@](O3)(OO4)C)C\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eInChI\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; word-break: break-all;\"\u003eInChI=1S\/C15H22O5\/c1-8-4-5-11-9(2)12(16)17-13-15(11)10(8)6-7-14(3,18-13)19-20-15\/h8-11,13H,4-7H2,1-3H3\/t8-,9-,10+,11+,13-,14-,15-\/m1\/s1\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eInChIKey\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; word-break: break-all;\"\u003eBLUAFEHZUWYNDE-NNWCWBAJSA-N\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003ePubChem CID\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0;\"\u003e68827\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eMolecular Formula\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0;\"\u003eC₁₅H₂₂O₅\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0;\"\u003e282.33 g\/mol\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eMelting Point\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0;\"\u003e156–157 °C\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eSolubility\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0;\"\u003eSoluble in methanol, ethanol, and DMSO. Sparingly soluble in water.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0;\"\u003e≥97%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003ePhysical Form\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0;\"\u003eWhite to off-white crystalline solid\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eHS Code\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0;\"\u003e2932.99\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eShelf Life\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0;\"\u003eRetest period: 36 months from date of manufacture\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eStorage Conditions\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0;\"\u003eStore in a tightly sealed container in a cool, dark place below 15 °C.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cdiv style=\"margin-bottom: 28px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"background: #002147; padding: 10px 20px; margin-bottom: 0;\"\u003e  \u003ch3 style=\"margin: 0; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.70em; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.12em; text-transform: uppercase; color: #fff;\"\u003eProduct Description \u0026amp; Scientific Applications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"padding: 16px 20px; border: 1px solid #e4e8f0; border-top: none; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 0.95em; line-height: 1.65; color: #333;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eArtemisinin\u003c\/strong\u003e (qinghaosu, arteannuin) is the 1,2,4-trioxane sesquiterpene lactone of \u003cem\u003eArtemisia annua\u003c\/em\u003e. The endoperoxide is the warhead: desoxo analogues are inactive. Synthetic endoperoxides vary it as 1,2-dioxanes, 1,2,4-trioxolanes and 1,2,4,5-tetraoxanes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eActivation and alkylation.\u003c\/strong\u003e Iron(II) heme cleaves the peroxide bond homolytically to an oxygen-centred radical, which rearranges by C3–C4 homolysis to a carbon-centred radical at C4. That radical alkylates the heme macrocycle at the α, β or δ \u003cem\u003emeso\u003c\/em\u003e positions. Hemin conversion reaches 85–90% in 20–30 minutes. Heme is both trigger and target. Human haemoglobin A0 is alkylated at the same positions in vitro without added protease, with excess non-heme protein, and in haemolysed whole blood.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProtein targets.\u003c\/strong\u003e Click-chemistry activity-based protein profiling in \u003cem\u003eP. falciparum\u003c\/em\u003e 3D7 identified 59 alkylated proteins at high confidence, across the glycolytic, haemoglobin-degradation, antioxidant-defence, protein-synthesis and protein-stress pathways; an earlier alkyne probe reported 124. The alkylation signature overlaps roughly 90% with that of the 1,2,4-trioxolanes, hence the cross-resistance concern. \u003cem\u003ePf\u003c\/em\u003eTCTP and the calcium ATPase \u003cem\u003ePf\u003c\/em\u003eATP6\/SERCA are proposed discrete targets.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIron dependence and selectivity.\u003c\/strong\u003e Non-heme-iron-selective chelators antagonise activity, implicating parasite iron pools alongside digestive-vacuole heme. Endoperoxides are not activated in mammalian cell lines. Selectivity therefore follows from parasite-specific activation rather than target recognition. An alternative route has ferrous iron as a Lewis acid: heterolytic ring-opening to an unsaturated hydroperoxide, then Fenton-like reduction to hydroxyl radical.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResistance.\u003c\/strong\u003e Whole-genome sequencing of a resistant line identified \u003cem\u003ek13\u003c\/em\u003e. Thirteen non-synonymous mutations are linked to slow parasite clearance, and partial resistance has emerged in East Africa. \u003cem\u003ek13\u003c\/em\u003e is the standard marker in field surveillance and in vitro selection.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCancer models.\u003c\/strong\u003e Cancer cells synthesise heme heavily in mitochondria, and heme is again the principal activator: a biosynthetic precursor raises potency, an inhibitor lowers it. Primary cultures and cell lines show inhibition of proliferation, metastasis and angiogenesis; xenografts show reduced tumour volume and progression. Models span breast, colon, renal, lung, liver, prostate, ovarian, leukaemia and brain. Mechanistic work centres on autophagy, mitophagy and ferritinophagy.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOther reported activities.\u003c\/strong\u003e Artemisinins are gephyrin ligands, enhancing GABA-A receptor signalling. Artesunate inhibits human cytomegalovirus and other Herpesviridae, hepatitis B and C in vitro. Artemether acts on the \u003cem\u003eSchistosoma\u003c\/em\u003e tegument, also iron-enhanced.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSemisynthesis and derivatisation.\u003c\/strong\u003e Artemisinin is reached from dihydroartemisinic acid by a singlet-oxygen ene reaction, acid-mediated Hock cleavage and triplet-oxygen oxidation, run as a one-pot continuous-flow process at 65% yield. Borohydride reduction of the lactone gives dihydroartemisinin. From that hemiketal: methanol, trimethyl orthoformate and HCl give artemether; succinic anhydride and triethylamine give artesunate.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSupplied for research use only. Not for diagnostic, therapeutic, or human or veterinary use.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cdiv style=\"margin-bottom: 28px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"background: #002147; padding: 10px 20px; margin-bottom: 0;\"\u003e  \u003ch3 style=\"margin: 0; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.70em; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.12em; text-transform: uppercase; color: #fff;\"\u003eShipping Destinations\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"border: 1px solid #e4e8f0; border-top: none; padding: 12px 16px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.95em;\"\u003e\u003cul style=\"margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none;\"\u003e\n\u003cli style=\"padding: 5px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #f0f0f0;\"\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"display: inline-block; width: 7px; height: 7px; background: #002147; border-radius: 50%; margin-right: 10px; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003eEU \u0026amp; UK: Priority delivery, 2–7 business days.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli style=\"padding: 5px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #f0f0f0;\"\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"display: inline-block; width: 7px; height: 7px; background: #002147; border-radius: 50%; margin-right: 10px; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003eEFTA Countries (DDP): 2–7 business days, duties and taxes prepaid.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"NorrChemica™","offers":[{"title":"1.0 g","offer_id":54240183812433,"sku":"NOR-63968649-1g","price":29.2,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"2.0 g","offer_id":54240183845201,"sku":"NOR-63968649-2g","price":39.2,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"5.0 g","offer_id":54240183877969,"sku":"NOR-63968649-5g","price":54.2,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"10 g","offer_id":54240183910737,"sku":"NOR-63968649-10g","price":73.2,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"25 g","offer_id":54240183943505,"sku":"NOR-63968649-25g","price":119.2,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"50 g","offer_id":54240183976273,"sku":"NOR-63968649-50g","price":198.2,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 g","offer_id":54240184009041,"sku":"NOR-63968649-100g","price":349.2,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"250 g","offer_id":54240184041809,"sku":"NOR-63968649-250g","price":629.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0954\/6357\/1793\/files\/NorrChemica_Artemisinin_v2.png?v=1783352344","url":"https:\/\/www.norrchemica.com\/products\/artemisinin-cas-63968-64-9","provider":"NorrChemica","version":"1.0","type":"link"}