{"product_id":"pseudouridine-cas-1445-07-4","title":"Pseudouridine | CAS 1445-07-4 | ≥98%","description":"\u003cdiv style=\"margin-bottom: 28px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"background: #002147; padding: 10px 20px; margin-bottom: 0;\"\u003e\u003ch3 style=\"margin: 0; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.70em; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: 0.12em; text-transform: uppercase; color: #fff;\"\u003eTechnical Specifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 0.95em; border: 1px solid #e4e8f0; border-top: none; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eCAS Number\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0;\"\u003e1445-07-4\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eEC \/ EINECS Number\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0;\"\u003e978-484-6\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eMDL Number\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0;\"\u003eMFCD00038458\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eSMILES\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; word-break: break-all;\"\u003eC1=C(C(=O)NC(=O)N1)[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O2)CO)O)O\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eInChI\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; word-break: break-all;\"\u003eInChI=1S\/C9H12N2O6\/c12-2-4-5(13)6(14)7(17-4)3-1-10-9(16)11-8(3)15\/h1,4-7,12-14H,2H2,(H2,10,11,15,16)\/t4-,5-,6-,7+\/m1\/s1\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eInChIKey\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; word-break: break-all;\"\u003ePTJWIQPHWPFNBW-GBNDHIKLSA-N\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003ePubChem CID\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0;\"\u003e15047\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eMolecular Formula\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0;\"\u003eC₉H₁₂N₂O₆\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0;\"\u003e244.20 g\/mol\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eMelting Point\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0;\"\u003e231 °C (dec.)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eSolubility\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0;\"\u003eSoluble in water.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0;\"\u003e≥98%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003ePhysical Form\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0;\"\u003eWhite to off-white powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eHS Code\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0;\"\u003e2934.99\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eShelf Life\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333; border-bottom: 1px solid #e4e8f0;\"\u003eRetest period: 36 months from date of manufacture\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; font-weight: 600; color: #002147; width: 200px; background: #f7f8fb; font-size: 0.95em; vertical-align: top;\"\u003eStorage Conditions\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 9px 16px; color: #333;\"\u003eStore at 2–8 °C in a tightly sealed container.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"margin-bottom: 28px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"background: #002147; padding: 10px 20px; margin-bottom: 0;\"\u003e\u003ch3 style=\"margin: 0; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.70em; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: 0.12em; text-transform: uppercase; color: #fff;\"\u003eProduct Description \u0026amp; Scientific Applications\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"padding: 16px 20px; border: 1px solid #e4e8f0; border-top: none; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 0.95em; line-height: 1.65; color: #333;\"\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePseudouridine\u003c\/strong\u003e (Ψ) is an isomer of the RNA nucleoside uridine in which the uracil base is connected to C1′ of the ribose through C5 instead of N1. 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sans-serif;fill:#000;stroke:none\"\u003eO\u003c\/text\u003e\u003ctext x=\"106.8\" y=\"39.1\" style=\"font:12px sans-serif;fill:#000;stroke:none\"\u003eH\u003c\/text\u003e\u003c\/svg\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"font-size:12px;margin:4px 0 0 0;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eUridine (left) and pseudouridine (right), drawn as the free nucleosides. In uridine the ribose is bound to N1 of uracil; in pseudouridine it is bound to C5. In cells, the isomerisation takes place on uridine residues within RNA strands.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFormation in RNA.\u003c\/strong\u003e Pseudouridine is formed after transcription: enzymes called pseudouridine synthases isomerise selected uridine residues within RNA strands into pseudouridine. During the maturation of eukaryotic ribosomal RNA in the nucleolus, which uridines are modified depends on short ribosomal RNA sequences that are complementary to sequences in box H\/ACA small nucleolar RNAs, and genetic work in yeast showed that these small nucleolar RNAs act as guide RNAs. Pseudouridine is also present in messenger RNA. Transcriptome-wide mapping has found hundreds of pseudouridylated sites in yeast and human mRNAs, and the pseudouridylation of many of these sites is regulated in response to environmental signals, such as nutrient deprivation in yeast and serum starvation in human cells.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEffect on RNA structure.\u003c\/strong\u003e Pseudouridine stabilises RNA structure, because its N1–H is available as an extra hydrogen-bond donor and because its base stacks slightly better than that of uridine. NMR measurements on model RNA oligonucleotides indicate that pseudouridine forms a more stable base-stacking arrangement than uridine, and that this effect spreads through the helix to stabilise the stacking of neighbouring purine nucleosides. The same study concluded that this conformational stabilisation is an intrinsic property of pseudouridine at the nucleotide level.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eModified mRNA.\u003c\/strong\u003e RNA activates the human innate immune receptors TLR3, TLR7 and TLR8, but RNA that contains pseudouridine, or one of several other modified nucleosides, does not. In vitro-transcribed mRNAs that contain pseudouridine were found to have a higher translational capacity than unmodified mRNAs, in mammalian cells and in mice. In the mouse experiments, only the unmodified mRNA was immunogenic and raised serum interferon-α to high levels. The mRNA vaccines used worldwide against SARS-CoV-2 have every uridine replaced by its N1-methyl derivative, N1-methylpseudouridine. This is done by replacing UTP with N1-methylpseudouridine triphosphate during in vitro transcription.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMapping pseudouridine in RNA.\u003c\/strong\u003e In Pseudo-seq, RNA is treated with the carbodiimide CMC (N-cyclohexyl-N′-(2-morpholinoethyl)carbodiimide metho-p-toluenesulfonate), which selectively modifies pseudouridine. The adduct stops reverse transcriptase one nucleotide 3′ to the modified site, so sequencing the stop sites locates pseudouridine at single-nucleotide resolution. Bisulfite reacts with pseudouridine differently from the way it reacts with cytidine. Its two stable end products are aromatic adducts at C1′ in which the ribose ring has opened. The major product is the (R) O-adduct; a minor (S) S-adduct forms with excess bisulfite. The addition is irreversible. Reverse transcriptases bypass the adduct during cDNA synthesis and produce a characteristic deletion. In RBS-seq, this deletion signature after bisulfite treatment is used to locate pseudouridine.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"margin:8px 0 18px 0;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:flex-start;gap:2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;\"\u003e\u003csvg role=\"img\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto;\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#000\" stroke-width=\"1.6\" width=\"152px\" height=\"117px\" viewbox=\"0 0 152 117\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M 46.8,60.0 L 63.5,50.3\"\u003e\u003c\/path\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M 46.8,56.6 L 60.6,48.6\"\u003e\u003c\/path\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M 63.5,50.3 L 63.5,30.9\"\u003e\u003c\/path\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M 63.5,32.6 L 76.8,24.9\"\u003e\u003c\/path\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M 62.1,30.0 L 75.4,22.4\"\u003e\u003c\/path\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M 63.5,30.9 L 51.0,23.6\"\u003e\u003c\/path\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M 42.5,23.6 L 29.9,30.9\"\u003e\u003c\/path\u003e\u003cpath 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sans-serif;fill:#000;stroke:none\"\u003eN\u003c\/text\u003e\u003ctext x=\"91.1\" y=\"56.1\" style=\"font:12px sans-serif;fill:#000;stroke:none\"\u003eR\u003c\/text\u003e\u003ctext x=\"74.3\" y=\"85.2\" style=\"font:12px sans-serif;fill:#000;stroke:none\"\u003eS\u003c\/text\u003e\u003ctext x=\"54.9\" y=\"85.2\" style=\"font:12px sans-serif;fill:#000;stroke:none\"\u003eO\u003c\/text\u003e\u003ctext x=\"93.7\" y=\"85.2\" style=\"font:12px sans-serif;fill:#000;stroke:none\"\u003eO\u003c\/text\u003e\u003ctext x=\"74.3\" y=\"104.6\" style=\"font:12px sans-serif;fill:#000;stroke:none\"\u003eO\u003c\/text\u003e\u003ctext x=\"82.6\" y=\"99.8\" style=\"font:7px sans-serif;fill:#000;stroke:none\"\u003e-\u003c\/text\u003e\u003c\/svg\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"font-size:12px;margin:4px 0 0 0;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eReaction of pseudouridine with bisulfite. Both stable end products are adducts at C1′ with the ribose ring opened; R = the open sugar chain, CH(OH)–CH(OH)–CH(OH)–CH₂OH. The O-adduct (left, R configuration at C1′) is the major product; the S-adduct (right, S configuration at C1′) is a minor product formed with excess bisulfite. The configuration at C1′ is not drawn.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMarker of kidney function.\u003c\/strong\u003e Free pseudouridine accumulates in the serum of patients with renal failure, because its excretion by the kidney is impaired. Non-targeted metabolomics identified pseudouridine as a non-traditional marker of kidney function, and it has since been quantified in blood and urine by targeted liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry with stable isotope-labelled internal standards. Plasma pseudouridine has also been reported to predict the progression of type 2 diabetic kidney disease to end-stage renal disease.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"margin-bottom: 28px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"background: #002147; padding: 10px 20px; margin-bottom: 0;\"\u003e\u003ch3 style=\"margin: 0; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.70em; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: 0.12em; text-transform: uppercase; color: #fff;\"\u003eShipping Destinations\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"border: 1px solid #e4e8f0; border-top: none; padding: 12px 16px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.95em;\"\u003e\u003cul style=\"margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none;\"\u003e\n\u003cli style=\"padding: 5px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #f0f0f0;\"\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"display: inline-block; width: 7px; height: 7px; background: #002147; border-radius: 50%; margin-right: 10px; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003eEU \u0026amp; UK: Priority delivery, 2–5 business days.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli style=\"padding: 5px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #f0f0f0;\"\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"display: inline-block; width: 7px; height: 7px; background: #002147; border-radius: 50%; margin-right: 10px; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003eUnited States (DDP): 3–7 business days, duties and taxes prepaid.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli style=\"padding: 5px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #f0f0f0;\"\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"display: inline-block; width: 7px; height: 7px; background: #002147; border-radius: 50%; margin-right: 10px; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003eEFTA Countries (DDP): 3–7 business days, duties and taxes prepaid.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli style=\"padding: 5px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #f0f0f0;\"\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"display: inline-block; width: 7px; height: 7px; background: #002147; border-radius: 50%; margin-right: 10px; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003eWorldwide: 7–14 business days, selected locations.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"NorrChemica™","offers":[{"title":"100 mg","offer_id":55166596514129,"sku":"NOR-1445074-100mg","price":69.2,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"250 mg","offer_id":55166596546897,"sku":"NOR-1445074-250mg","price":98.2,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"1.0 g","offer_id":55166596579665,"sku":"NOR-1445074-1g","price":189.2,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"5.0 g","offer_id":55166596612433,"sku":"NOR-1445074-5g","price":549.2,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"10 g","offer_id":55354005946705,"sku":"NOR-1445074-10g","price":998.2,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"25 g","offer_id":55166596645201,"sku":"NOR-1445074-25g","price":1698.2,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0954\/6357\/1793\/files\/Pseudouridine.png?v=1792270352","url":"https:\/\/www.norrchemica.com\/products\/pseudouridine-cas-1445-07-4","provider":"NorrChemica","version":"1.0","type":"link"}