NorrChemica™
Theobromine
Theobromine | CAS 83-67-0 | ≥98%
| Pack size | Excl. VAT | Incl. VAT | Add to cart |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5.0 g | €49,20 | ||
| 10 g | €59,20 | ||
| 25 g | €74,20 | ||
| 50 g | €94,20 | ||
| 100 g | €159,20 | ||
| 250 g | €279,20 | ||
| 500 g | €498,20 |
Taxes and fees, e.g. VAT, included in the price. Shipping calculated at checkout.Free shipping on EU, UK and EFTA orders above €250, and above €400 to the rest of the world.
Technical Specifications
| CAS Number | 83-67-0 |
| EC / EINECS Number | 201-494-2 |
| MDL Number | MFCD00022830 |
| RTECS Number | XH2275000 |
| SMILES | CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)NC(=O)N2C |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C7H8N4O2/c1-10-3-8-5-4(10)6(12)9-7(13)11(5)2/h3H,1-2H3,(H,9,12,13) |
| InChIKey | YAPQBXQYLJRXSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 5429 |
| Molecular Formula | C₇H₈N₄O₂ |
| Molecular Weight | 180.16 g/mol |
| Melting Point | 357 °C |
| Solubility | Slightly soluble in water (330 mg/L at 25 °C) and ethanol. Moderately soluble in aqueous bases such as sodium hydroxide solution and aqueous ammonia. Practically insoluble in diethyl ether, chloroform and benzene. |
| Log Pow | -0.78 |
| Purity | ≥98% |
| Physical Form | White powder |
| HS Code | 2939.79 |
| Shelf Life | Retest period: 36 months from date of manufacture |
| Storage Conditions | Store in a cool, dry place in a tightly sealed container. |
Product Description & Scientific Applications
Theobromine (3,7-dimethylxanthine) is a methylxanthine, like caffeine. It is the main methylxanthine of cocoa, where it is present in higher amounts than caffeine.
Pharmacology. Theobromine blocks adenosine receptors and inhibits phosphodiesterases, the enzymes that break down cyclic nucleotides. Caffeine acts in the same two ways, but theobromine binds adenosine receptors less strongly.
Caffeine metabolism. In humans, theobromine is one of the products of caffeine metabolism in the liver. It is broken down more slowly than caffeine and has a longer half-life in plasma.
In the liver, removal of the methyl group at N-1 converts caffeine (left) to theobromine (right).
Building block for xanthine derivatives. Theobromine has a free N–H at N-1, so it can be alkylated there with alkyl halides to give 1-substituted 3,7-dimethylxanthines. Polar aprotic solvents such as dimethylformamide (DMF) are used; with strong hydroxide bases, alkylation at oxygen competes. The drug pentoxifylline is one such derivative, 1-(5-oxohexyl)theobromine.
Alkylation at N-1 converts theobromine (left) to a 1-alkyl-3,7-dimethylxanthine (right). With R = 5-oxohexyl, the product is pentoxifylline.
Crystal engineering. Theobromine forms cocrystals, for example a 2:1 cocrystal with oxalic acid. Because theobromine is very poorly soluble, such cocrystals are made by grinding the solids together (mechanochemistry) rather than from solution.
Dental research. A 2024 systematic review of laboratory studies concluded that theobromine increased the hardness of demineralised tooth enamel to a similar extent as fluoride.
Analytical standard. Theobromine is used as the calibration standard when methylxanthines are measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), for example in cocoa products and brewed coffee.
Shipping Destinations
- EU & UK: Priority delivery, 2–5 business days.
- United States (DDP): 3–7 business days, duties and taxes prepaid.
- EFTA Countries (DDP): 3–7 business days, duties and taxes prepaid.
- Worldwide: 7–14 business days, selected locations.
Safety Information
| GHS Pictograms |
|
| Signal Word | Warning |
| Hazard Class | Not regulated for transport. |
| Transport Category | Not classified as dangerous goods for transport (ADR/IATA/IMDG) |
| H-Statements | H302 |
| P-Statements | P264 - P270 - P301+P312 - P330 - P501 |
Documentation
| Safety Data Sheet | Download PDF |
